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    Traction Resistance & Energy Consumption

    eBike Range & Power Demand Calculator

    Simulate electric bike distance under varying speeds, rider and cargo loads, tire friction, and terrain gradients with complete mathematical force decomposition.

    Physics-Based Traction Resistance Engine

    Electric Bike Range & Power Demand Calculator

    Decomposes rolling friction, aerodynamic drag, and gravitational elevation resistance.

    85% Powertrain Efficiency Mode

    13S standard high-torque cargo & commuter pack.

    10 Ah (0.48 kWh)
    25 km/h (15.5 mph)

    Air resistance scales quadratically ($v^2$). Doubling speed from 20 km/h to 40 km/h requires 4× the aerodynamic power.

    +1% (Uphill)
    Standard eBike: 25-35kg. Cargo/Boda: 45-65kg.
    Total combined weight: 105 kg
    Estimated Maximum Range
    41.89km(26.03 miles)

    At steady 25 km/h speed with 1% gradient

    Gross Battery
    0.48 kWh
    0.41 kWh usable (85%)
    Required Power
    0.29 kW
    290 Watts sustained
    Efficiency
    9.7 Wh/km
    Energy consumption
    Travel Time
    1.68 hrs
    Until depletion
    Opposing Force Breakdown35.06 N Total
    Roll: 10.3N (29%)
    Drag: 14.47N (41%)
    Incline: 10.3N (29%)

    Need to size your custom battery pack?

    Select 21700 cells and configure S/P series-parallel topology.

    Want to model long-term capacity fade?

    Simulate 800-cycle degradation and lifetime electricity costs.